Forging mechanism.



J.FIZWIKE FORGING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED IuNE 6,191 m 1 9 1 56,47%, 113111111611 Aug. 17, 1915.

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1.F.zw|KER. FORGING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6,1914. L1 Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

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FORGING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED IuIIE 6. 1914.

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FORGING MECHANISM.

Specication of Letters vPatent.

Application led June 6, 1914. Serial No. 843,420.

T0 all whom t 'may concern Be it known that I, JACOB F. ZWIKER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Toledo, in thev county of Lucas andState of Ohio, have invented a certain new and erence marked thereon, which form apart of this specification.

This invention relates to hot metal working machinery, and particularly to forging machines, but is not restricted to s uch use as it, or the different features thereof, may be used in any connection for which they may be adapted or appropriate.

The primary object of my invention is to improve on machines of this character,

whereby to renderA the same more elastic in use, that is,- capable of successful-use on a greater variety of articles than has heretofore been possible, and to enhance the practicability and commercial value' of such machines.

Further objects of my invention are the provision of means for ejecting a forged article Vfrom the respective dies upon a retraction of such dies uthe provision of means for effecting a positive separation of the dies should the form of the forged article tend toz causethe dies to stick thereto, andthe provision of means for automatically cleaning metal scales or other loose matter from the space between the dies wheny the dies are separated.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description thereof.

The invention is fully described in the following specification, and while, in its lbroader aspect, it iscapable of embodiment in numerous forms, a preferred embodiment thereof is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,- l

Figure 1 is a top plan' view of a machme embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section thereof on the line a: in Fig. l. Fig. '3. is a side elevation of a portion of the mechanism employed for ejecting a forged article from one of the dies. Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are similar sectional views illustrating different stages in the forging process. Fig. 7 is a sectional detail of a positively acting die retracting means. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a die set in article formingA position with the movable die' at 4the limit of its inward stroke, a positive die retracting means and a cleaning means bemg associated with the die set, and Fig. 9 is a top view thereof.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a machine frame of any suitable or convenient construction in one end portion of which is mounted a transversely movable die-block 2, which has its movement guided by a suitable guide-way 3 in the frame. The dieblock 2 is intended to have movements transverselyl across an opening 4 provided in the 4frame longitudinally thereof, which opening registers at its inner end with a slideway 5 in which a slide or cross-head 6 is mounted for reciprocatory movements longitudinally of the frame. The slide or crosshead 6 carries a plunger head or ram 7 at its forward end for coacting with a movable die member of the die-block 2 when in one position of the movement of such block to impart article shaping movements to such die member, as hereinafter fully described. The slide 6 has movements imparted thereto from a 4crank-shaft 8 to which it is connected by a connecting-rod 9. p

The means illustrated, in the present instance, for imparting the requisite recipro- Patented Aug. i7, 1915..

slide 6, the catch-linger being moved rear` ward a .predetermined distance with said part. When the catch-finger 38 has been moved rearward a predetermined extent by the part 39, the finger is released from engagement with the part by reason of a boss 40, which is fixed to the frame 1 and stands in the path of movement of the finger, coacting with the registering tapered nose portion of the finger and imparting an upward or releasing movement to the finger with respect to the part 39. It is thus evi.- dent that a rearward or ejecting movement is imparted to the ejector part 27 at each rearward stroke of the slide 6.k A coiled contractile spring 41 connects the upper end i portion of the lever 29 to a fixed part of the frame, as for instance, a finger-12 ixedly projecting from the front end portion of the frame, said spring coperating with the spring 28 to normally retain the ejector 27 and connected operating parts retracted to normal position.

It is evident that upon a relative retracting of the die members 12 and 14, the ejector part 22 will be moved forward relative to its die member under the influence of the spring 25, and the ejector part 27 will be moved rearward relative to its die member, effecting a release of the formed article c `from each die member, the article then falling by gravity from between the die members through a registering subjacent discharge opening 43 into a receiving chamber 44 in the lower portion of the frame 1, as shown in Fig. 2.

It may happen in the shaping of some forms of articles that the articles will tend to resist a relative opening of the die members and that `the reti-acting spring or springs 18 will not be of sufiicient strength to overcome such resistance. ln such case the head 7 of the. plunger or slide 6 may have a dog 45 pivoted to the top thereof and extending forwardly therefrom with its free end provided with a lip 46 for engaging within a recess 47 in the top surface of the l movable die member 14 `when the plunger head is in .,-=contact with the die member, as shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9,.Whereb v a retracting of the plunger-head from the-limit of its forward movement will cause the lip 46 to coact with the rear end wall of the recess 47 and effecting a positive starting of the rearward movement of the movable die member. When the dog 45 has moved rearivard a. short distance a tapered lip or flange 4S on one yside of the free end portion of the dog coacts with and rides up a registering incline 49, which is formed on an adjacent fixedl portion of the machine, as for instance, on the part 50 forming the top wall of the recess 23. vIt is evident that the lip 46 of the dog is permitted to engage Within the die member recess 47 only when such member is at or near the limit of its forward =or article-shaping stroke.

It is found desirable in practice to provide means for discharging compressed air, steam or other fluid under pressure into the space between the die members when such members are open in order to remove any scale or other loose matter from between the same. A'This is accomplished by introducing fluid under pressure into the shaping face of each die member through passages 51 and 52. rlhe passage 51 being ,disposed in the plate 19-and opening into the conical recess in which the ejector part 27 seats and the passage 52 being provided in the movable die member 14 and opening into the recess in which the ejector part 22 seats. It is thus evident that with this arrangement of the passages 51 and 52 the ejector parts 27 and 22 serve as valves for closing the discharge ends of the respective passages when such parts are seated, as shown in Fig. S. As the part 22 normally stands in open position relative to the passage 52 the cleaning fluid will be discharged from such passage into the space between the dies all of the time except during the .article shaping movement of the die member, while the passage 51,- however, is only open for a short period after each shaping operation, or during the period of opening movement of the ejector part 2 7 by the slide controlling ejector mechanism, the part 27 normally standing in passage closing position due to the action of the springs 28 and 41 thereon. The passages 51 and 52 have connection through tubes or pipes 53 and 54, respectively, with a suitable source or sources of fluid pressure supply.

The operation ot' my invention is as follows: When the movable parts of the machine are in normal at-rest position the slide 6 stands retracted or at the limit of its rearward stroke and the die-block 2, with the ati tached die members 12 and 14, stands at the limit of its outward stroke with the stock receiving opening '13a in the die member 12 in register witlrthe stock feed opening 20 through the shear-plate 19. The movable die member 14 also stands in its retracted position relative to the die member' 12 with the gage or ejector part 22 thereof in its orwardly projecting or open position relative to the movable die member, thus permitting a cleaning fluid from the passage 52 to`be discharged into the space between the die members. The operator, having projected the headed end of a stock bar a through the openings 20 and 13a and in contact with the gage or ejector part 22, operates the trip commonly used in connection with this type of machine, but not shown, whereby to cause the crank-shaft 8 to have a single revolution imparted thereto, such crank-shaftk automatically stopping at the end of a complete revolution thereof by any suitable means, as is well understood in the art. During a revolution of the crank-shaft, the slides 6 and Al0 are moved together and the slide 10 first acts to effect a movement of the dieblock 2 to the right, or from its normal position to article shaping position, thereby causing a cutting off of the stock section b from the bar a due to the shearing action of the parts 12 and 19, the movement of the dieblock stopping with the section b in axial register withv the ejector part 27, as shown in Fig. 5. Such movement of the block also places the movable die member 14 in proper position to receive the forward end-thrust of the ram or plunger head 7. When such movement of the die-block has been effected the ram or plunger head 7 will have moved into contact with the rear end of the die member 14 so that such die member will be moved'thcrewith during the remainder of the forward stroke of the slide 6. The movement of the die member `14 toward the stationary member12 causes the metal in the stock section b to be upsetand to completely fill the space between the forming faces of the two die members.

Should the section b contain slightly more metal than is required to form the intended article, as is preferably and usually the case, the surplus metal flows. into a marginal space provided between the two die members and forms' what is termed the flash, such Hash or surplus metal being designated d in Figs. 6 and 8. On the rear stroke of the slide 6 the movable die 14 moves rearward under the influence of the spring or springs 18, and the ejector part 27 is caused to move rearward to eject the formed 'article c from the die member 12 during the initial portion of the rearward movement of said slide due to the finger 39 on the slide engaging and moving the dog38 of the ejector mechanism therewith. When the dog 38 has been moved a predetermined .distance in this manner it is released .from the linger 39 by `the tripping action of the stationary boss 40,'thus permitting the ejector part 27 and connected operating parts to return to their normal positions under the influence of the springs ,28 and 41. When the ejector Vpart 27 is unseated the discharge end of the assage 5l is uncovered and permits uid under pressure to be discharged into the space between the die members. When the die member 14 has begun its retracting movement the ejector part 22 will be moved forward by the action of the spring 25 to effect a release of the formed article from said die member. As soonv as the die member '14 has returned to its normal position relative to the die member 12 the 'cam-slide 10 will act on the die-block 2 to effect a retraction thereof to its normal at-rest position. Should the ram 7 be provided with the'dog 45 the die member 14 will be caused to have a positive inward retracting movement imparted thereto from the ram as it starts on its rearward stroke, the dog being automatically released from engagement with the die member when the ram has moved a short distance.

' It is found in practice that the making of each die member 12 and 14 in a single unit instead of in lseparable halves, as has heretofore beencommon in machines of this character, makes it possible to forge articles in a much more perfect manner than has heretofore been possible with such machines, and prevents the forming of cross ridges or seams on the article at the points of meeting of the die sections.

It will be understood that while the die member 14 is shown, in the present instance, as being made up of several parts, which are rigidly secured together, the specific construction of such members forms no part of the present invention and has therefore not been described in detail. Itrwill also be undel-stood that the invention is not limited to any specific construction, arrangement or form of parts, except in so far as such limitations are specified in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent', is,-

1. In combination, a fixed member, an article ejector carried by said member, and a set yof lcoperating dies relatively movable toward and away from each other and movable together transversely of said member to place them into and out of operative relation to-said ejector.

2. In a mechanism of the class described, a fixed member, an article ejector carried by said member, and a set of 'dies movable transversely of said member to place the cavity of one die into and outof register with said ejector.

3. In combination, a shear plate having a stock feed opening therein, an ejector movably carried by saidplate, and a set of dies movable transversely of -saidplate and arranged and designed for such movements to have shearing coaction with the plate and to place its article shaping portion in register with said ejector.

4. In combination a shear plate, a plunger movable toward and away from said plate, a set of article shaping dies movable transversely of said plate and plunger to place the dies .into and out of operative position therebetween, the shaping movements of said dies being in the plane of movement of said plunger and actuated thereby, one of said dies having shearing coaction with said plate when'moved transversely thereof into operative position, an article ejecting member projecting through said plate and operable to'eject a formed article from the shearing die when the dies have been relatively retracted.

5K. In a mechanism of the class described, a part having a stock feed opening therein,

a pair of coperating dies one having an article shaping opening entirely therethrough and the other having anarticle shaping cavity in register with said die opening, said dies when in one position of their movements having their article shaping'portions in register with said stock feed opening to permit the insertion of a stock piece through said feed and die openings p and into the cavity of the other die and a stock gage carried by the die having the cavity and yieldingly movable relatively thereto.

6. In a mechanism of the-class described, a pair of coperating dies one having an article shaping opening entirely therethrough and the other having a part in 'register with said opening, a combined article ejector and stock gage yieldingly carried by one die in position for a stock piece inserted `through the opening` of thefother die to have stock contact' therewith. j

7. In a mechanism of the class described, a shear-plate, a set of die members one having shearing coaction .with said plate, an ejector part movably carried by said plate, and mechanism automatically operlable to move said part to eject a formed article from one of said die members.'

8. In a mechanism of the class described, a pair of relatively movable :die members, an element movable to impart article shaping movements to one of said members, and an ejector mechanism having an ejector part movable in the planeof shaping movement of said members-and operable by said element during 'a predetermined ortion of its movement to release a Vforme article from one of said die. members.

9. In a mechanism of the class'described, a movable element, a setof die members, a

part movable to eject ,a formed article from Aoneof said die members, a mechanism connecting said element and part for im arting movement `fromone to the other, sai mechanism havmg release its engagement with said element a member in releasable' engagement with said element, and means for' Acoactng with' saidmechanism member to when the element has been moved a predetermined extent, and means yieldingly resisting a movement of said mechanism and part by said element.

10. In a mechanism of the class described, a pair of relatively movable die members, means operable 'to move said die members together from one position to another transversely of the plane of relative movements thereof, and means operable to relatively move the die members when said members have been moved into one position, said die members each being movable as a complete unit by said rst means.

11. In combination, a movable die member, a movable element operable to actuate articleshaping movements of said die member, and means operable at a predetermined pomt in a movement of said element to positively start an upward or retracting movement to said die member and then to release it.

12. In combination, a movable die member, yielding means urging a movement of said die member in one direction, a movable element operable to urge a movement of the die member in the opposite direction, and

means automatically operable by said element at a predetermined point in its movement to positively start the retracting movement of said die member and then to release such member. v

13. In combination, a movable die member, meansv yieldingly urging a movement of said die member in one direction, a plunger operable to move said die member in the opposite direction to shape an article, a catch member movable with said plunger and operable to have catch engagement with the die member when at the limit of its article forming stroke whereby an inward retracting movement is imparted to the die member from said plunger when the direction of movement of the plunger is changed means automatically operable to release said catch and die members at a predetermined point in a movement of said plunger.

14. In'combination, a pair of relatively movable die members, means for introducing a'fludunder pressure into the space between said members, an element movable during relative movements of said die mem- 'after' the 4die moving stroke thereof, and

bers, and means operable by said element at a predetermined point in a movement thereof to eject a' formed article from one of said 'die members and to permit a discharge of fluid b said rst means.

15. n/ combination, aset of coperating dies mounted for relative article shaping movements in one plane andl for shearing movements together in a plane which 'is transverse tothe plane of shaping movements of the dies,an article ejecting part positioned to eject an article from one of said dies when the dies are in one position of their shaping movements, said part having ej ecting movements in the plane of shaping movements of said dies, and means operable to periodically impart article ejecting movements to said part.

16. In combination, a movable ejector member, a set of coperating dies relatively movable in one plane and movable together in a dilerent plane transverse to the plane of movement of the ejector member to place them into -operative article ejecting relation to said ejector.

In testimony whereof, I have vhereunto l5 signedmy name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JACOB F. ZWIKER Witnesses:

F. E. AUL, R. G. ALLEN. 

